Integrated Neuromuscular Profiling in Professional Soccer: a Pre-Season Strength– Power–asymmetry Model Based on Isokinetic and Force-Plate Testing

Keywords:
Isokinetic, Sport, Force-plate, CMJ, SJ

Abstract:
Objective: This study investigated the relationship between isokinetic knee strength and concentric impulse during Countermovement Jump (CMJ) in professional team-sport athletes, with particular focus on the predictive role of hamstring peak torque. Methods: Sixteen professional players underwent isokinetic knee testing at 60°/s and bilateral force-plate CMJ assessment. Mean quadriceps peak torque (PT Quad), hamstring peak torque (PT Ham), hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio (H/Q), and CMJ concentric impulse were analysed using Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression. Results: Mean PT Quad was 187.41 ± 25.70 Nm, PT Ham 173.47 ± 25.37 Nm, and H/Q ratio 71.25% ± 8.32%. CMJ concentric impulse (207.88 ± 19.39 N·s) showed a very strong positive correlation with PT Ham (r = 0.774, p <.001) and a strong correlation with PT Quad (r = 0.728, p =.001). Multiple linear regression explained 69.9% of CMJ impulse variance (R2 = 0.699), with PT Ham emerging as the only significant independent predictor (p =.024), whereas PT Quad (p =.070) and H/Q ratio (p =.852) were not significant. Conclusions: Hamstring strength appears to be a primary determinant of dynamic force production during CMJ, supporting the functional role of the posterior chain in explosive multi-joint performance. These findings suggest that isokinetic hamstring strength may represent a key parameter in neuromuscular pre-season profiling. Limitations: a small sample size (N = 16), a cross-sectional design, and testing at a single low isokinetic velocity (60°/s). Approximately 30% of CMJ variance remained unexplained, indicating additional neuromuscular determinants.

CITATION:

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S. Rakić, F. Volšek, L. Scozzafava, “Integrated Neuromuscular Profiling in Professional Soccer: a Pre-Season Strength– Power–asymmetry Model Based on Isokinetic and Force-Plate Testing,” in Sinteza 2026 - International Scientific Conference on Information Technology, Computer Science, and Data Science, Belgrade, Singidunum University, Serbia, 2026, pp. 541-547. doi:10.15308/Sinteza-2026-541-547

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Rakić, S., Volšek, F., Scozzafava, L. (2026). Integrated Neuromuscular Profiling in Professional Soccer: a Pre-Season Strength– Power–asymmetry Model Based on Isokinetic and Force-Plate Testing. Paper presented at Sinteza 2026 - International Scientific Conference on Information Technology, Computer Science, and Data Science. doi:10.15308/Sinteza-2026-541-547

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