Control of a Liquid Level System Based on a Proportional-Sum Controller Using Whale Optimizer

Keywords:
Discrete-Time Systems, Whale Optimization Algorithm, ProportionalDifference-Sum Controller, Liquid Level Control, Ziegler-Nichols method

Abstract:
This study is about controlling the liquid level in water tanks, which is one of the challenges in the industry. A nonlinear analytical model is derived and validated against linearized continuous-time and discrete-time models, demonstrating their equivalence under nominal conditions. The classical method for tuning a discrete-time proportional-sum controller was applied, with gains tuned via the Ziegler-Nichols method. Additionally, the controller’s parameters were fine-tuned by using the whale optimization algorithm. Simulation results for the tank system are presented. While Ziegler-Nichols gives a decent base, it can be said that optimization of the controller parameters should be recommended when dealing with similar problems in real-life situations. Results reveal that the optimized controller reduces the sum of squared errors compared to the classical controller, achieving superior accuracy.

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V. Zarić, N. Perišić, M. Vesović, R. Jovanović, “Control of a Liquid Level System Based on a Proportional-Sum Controller Using Whale Optimizer,” in Sinteza 2025 - International Scientific Conference on Information Technology, Computer Science, and Data Science, Belgrade, Singidunum University, Serbia, 2025, pp. 63-70. doi:10.15308/Sinteza-2025-63-70

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Zarić, V., Perišić, N., Vesović, M., Jovanović, R. (2025). Control of a Liquid Level System Based on a Proportional-Sum Controller Using Whale Optimizer. Paper presented at Sinteza 2025 - International Scientific Conference on Information Technology, Computer Science, and Data Science. doi:10.15308/Sinteza-2025-63-70

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